Techniques that turn source code into something a machine can run. The group includes the compiler itself, the stages that read text into tokens and analyse its grammar, the inference of types without written annotations, the assignment of variables to a limited number of processor registers, and just-in-time compilation, which translates code while a program is already running instead of before it starts.
Compiler and Language Implementation Techniques
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Free On-line Dictionary of Computing: Garbage Collection
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The process by which dynamically allocated storage is reclaimed during the execution of a program
Data-flow analysis (Wikipedia)
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Data-flow analysis is a technique for gathering information about the possible set of values calculated at various points in a computer program.
Loop-invariant code motion (Wikipedia)
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Loop-invariant code motion (also called hoisting or scalar promotion) is a compiler optimization that performs this movement automatically.
Short-circuit evaluation (Wikipedia)
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the semantics of some Boolean operators in some programming languages in which the second argument is executed or evaluated only if the first argument does not suffice to determine the value of the expression
Inline expansion (Wikipedia)
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is a manual or compiler optimization that replaces a function call site with the body of the called function
Constant folding (Wikipedia)
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evaluate expressions whose values are known at compile time and replaces them with the computed result
Software pipelining (Wikipedia)
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software pipelining is a technique used to optimize loops, in a manner that parallels hardware pipelining.
Wikipedia: Compiler
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In computing, a compiler is software that translates computer code written in one programming language (the source language) into another language (the target language).
Lexical analysis - Wikipedia
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Lexical tokenization is conversion of a text into (semantically or syntactically) meaningful lexical tokens belonging to categories defined by a "lexer" program.
Parsing - Wikipedia
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Parsing, syntax analysis, or syntactic analysis is a process of analyzing a string of symbols, either in natural language, computer languages or data structures, conforming to the rules of a formal grammar by breaking it into parts.
Just-in-time compilation - Wikipedia
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Just-in-time (JIT) compilation (also dynamic translation or run-time compilations) is compilation of computer code during execution of a program at run time rather than before execution.
Register allocation - Wikipedia
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In compiler optimization, register allocation is the process of assigning local automatic variables and expression results to a limited number of processor registers.
Type inference - Wikipedia
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In type theory, type inference (sometimes called type reconstruction) is the automatic detection of the type of an expression.
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