Functional languages from the research laboratories of the 1960s to the 1980s that explored how far programs could be written as functions alone. Refal was first conceived in 1966 for symbolic computation, Hope was developed at the University of Edinburgh in the 1970s, and FP and its successor FL were created by John Backus to support what he called function-level programming. FP, created by John Backus, lets programs be built from a set of generally useful primitives without named variables, a style also called tacit or point-free programming.
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FP (programming language) (Wikipedia)
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FP (for functional programming) is a programming language created by John Backus to support the function-level programming paradigm.
FL (programming language) (Wikipedia)
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FL (for Function Level) is a programming language created at IBM Research, Almaden, California by John Backus, John Williams, and Edward Wimmers in the 1980s and documented in a report from 1989. FL was designed as a successor of Backus's earlier FP language, providing specific support for what Backus termed function-level programming.
Hope (programming language) (Wikipedia)
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Hope is a programming language based on functional programming developed in the 1970s at the University of Edinburgh.
Refal (Wikipedia)
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Refal ("Recursive functions algorithmic language"; Russian: РЕФАЛ) "is a functional programming language oriented toward symbolic computations", including "string processing, language translation, [and] artificial intelligence". It is one of the oldest members of this family, first conceived of in 1966 as a theoretical tool, with the first implementation appearing in 1968.
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