Miklos Ajtai (born July 2, 1946) is a Hungarian-American computer scientist working at IBM's Almaden Research Center, specializing in computational complexity theory. With Janos Komlos and Endre Szemeredi he co-developed a well known sorting network algorithm, and his research also established exponential lower bounds and time-space tradeoffs for branching programs and founded lattice-based cryptography. He received the Knuth Prize in 2003, was elected to the United States National Academy of Sciences in 2021, and received the IEEE John von Neumann Medal in 2025 for contributions to establishing lower bounds in computational complexity and founding lattice-based cryptography.
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