A classical cipher is an encryption method that predates modern computer-based cryptography, generally working by hand or with simple mechanical aids and relying on letter substitution or transposition rather than the bitwise mathematics of modern algorithms. The Caesar cipher, which shifts each letter a fixed number of places through the alphabet, and the Vigenere cipher, which applies a repeating-keyword sequence of Caesar-style shifts, are widely cited examples, along with the one-time pad, which is unconditionally secure when its key is truly random, used only once, and kept as secret as the message itself. Classical ciphers are studied today chiefly for cryptographic history and pedagogy rather than for real security use.
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Classical Cipher
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Classical cipher - Wikipedia
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In cryptography, a classical cipher is a type of cipher that was used historically but, for the most part, has fallen into disuse.
Atbash (Wikipedia)
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is a monoalphabetic substitution cipher originally used to encrypt the Hebrew alphabet
ADFGVX cipher (Wikipedia)
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the ADFGVX cipher was a manually applied field cipher used by the Imperial German Army during World War I.
Vigenère cipher (Wikipedia)
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is a method of encrypting alphabetic text
Caesar cipher (Wikipedia)
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one of the simplest and most widely known encryption techniques
Beaufort cipher (Wikipedia)
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is a substitution cipher
Polybius square (Wikipedia)
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The Polybius square, also known as the Polybius checkerboard, is a device invented by the ancient Greeks Cleoxenus and Democleitus, and made famous by the historian and scholar Polybius.
Solitaire (cipher) (Wikipedia)
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The Solitaire cryptographic algorithm was designed by Bruce Schneier at the request of Neal Stephenson for use in his novel Cryptonomicon, in which field agents use it to communicate securely without having to rely on electronics or having to carry incriminating tools.
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