Machine learning is the field of study within artificial intelligence concerned with statistical algorithms that learn from data and generalize to unseen data, performing tasks without being explicitly programmed for them. The term was coined in 1959 by Arthur Samuel, an IBM researcher and pioneer of computer game playing, and the field now underlies applications from speech recognition to the deep learning systems of the 2010s and beyond.
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Origin YearThe year Arthur Samuel coined the term machine learning. Core ConcernHow algorithms improve at tasks by learning from data rather than by being programmed with explicit rules. 1 Machine Learning
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Machine learning is studied as a field within artificial intelligence.
Source Wikipedia: Machine learning
Bioinformatics, Fields Field-to-field association; both are standard neighbouring areas of computing
Field-to-field association; both are standard neighbouring areas of computing
Field-to-field association; both are standard neighbouring areas of computing
Computer Music, Fields Field-to-field association; both are standard neighbouring areas of computing
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Recommender systems are described as employing machine learning.
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1. Wikipedia: Machine learning
WikipediaIntroduction and History sections
Machine learning (ML) is a field of study in artificial intelligence concerned with the development and study of statistical algorithms that can learn from data and generalize to unseen data, and thus perform tasks without being explicitly programmed.
Introduction section
Machine learning (ML) is a field of study in artificial intelligence
History section
The term machine learning was coined in 1959 by Arthur Samuel, an IBM employee and pioneer in the field of computer gaming and artificial intelligence.
- In Group: Machine Learning and Evolutionary Methods, lead section
View the Source Wikipedia: Alan Turing
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It would be better to produce a simpler one to simulate a child's mind and then to subject it to a course of education.
View the Source Wikipedia: Computer Vision
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Recent work has seen the resurgence of feature-based methods used in conjunction with machine learning techniques and complex optimization frameworks.
View the Source Wikipedia: Natural Language Processing
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Starting in the late 1980s, however, there was a revolution in natural language processing with the introduction of machine learning algorithms for language processing.
View the Source Wikipedia: Data mining
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Data mining is the process of extracting and finding patterns in massive data sets involving methods at the intersection of machine learning, statistics, and database systems.
View the Source Wikipedia: Data science
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Data scientists often work with unstructured data such as text or images and use machine learning algorithms to build predictive models.
View the Source Recommender Systems (Wikipedia)
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The use of recommender systems is pervasive, with commonly recognised examples including the generation of playlists for video and music streaming services, product recommendations for e-commerce platforms, and topics and individual items posted on social media platforms and the open web. Online services employ machine learning or specialized deep learning recommendation models (DLRMs) that analyze user behavior and preferences to generate personalized content feeds for millions of users at any moment.
View the Source Nitesh Chawla - Wikipedia
Includes: Nitesh Chawla, Lead sectionQuote, Includes: Nitesh Chawla, Lead section
machine learning, data science, and network science
View the Source Wikipedia: Amanda Randles
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biomedical simulation, machine learning
View the Source Jacek Karpiński (Wikipedia)
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one of the first machine learning algorithms
View the Source Michael J. Black (Wikipedia)
Includes: Michael J. Black, Lead sectionQuote, Includes: Michael J. Black, Lead section
computer vision, machine learning
View the Source Raúl Rojas (Wikipedia)
Includes: Raul Rojas, Lead sectionQuote, Includes: Raul Rojas, Lead section
specialist in artificial neural networks
View the Source Ingemar Cox (Wikipedia)
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Professor in the Machine Learning department at the University of Copenhagen
View the Source Knowledge distillation (Wikipedia)
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In machine learning, knowledge distillation or model distillation is the process of transferring knowledge from a large model to a smaller one.
View the Source Seppo Linnainmaa (Wikipedia)
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Seppo Ilmari Linnainmaa (born 28 September 1945) is a Finnish mathematician and computer scientist known for creating the modern version of backpropagation.
View the Source William Rae Thompson (Wikipedia)
Includes: Thompson sampling, Lead paragraph [in-field]Quote, Includes: Thompson sampling, Lead paragraph [in-field]
a foundational heuristic in machine learning and reinforcement learning
View the Source Decision tree learning - Wikipedia
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Decision tree learning is a supervised learning approach used in statistics, data mining and machine learning.
View the Source Evelyn Fix (Wikipedia)
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the k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) algorithm
View the Source Bootstrap aggregating (Wikipedia)
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Bootstrap aggregating, also called bagging (from bootstrap aggregating) or bootstrapping, is a machine learning (ML) ensemble meta-algorithm designed to improve the stability and accuracy of ML classification and regression algorithms.
Includes: Bootstrap Aggregating Algorithm, Lead
Bootstrap aggregating, also called bagging (from bootstrap aggregating) or bootstrapping, is a machine learning (ML) ensemble meta-algorithm designed to improve the stability and accuracy of ML classification and regression algorithms.
View the SourceLeo Breiman (Wikipedia)
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His most important contributions were his work on classification and regression trees, and ensembles of trees fit to bootstrap samples.
View the Source Kriging (Wikipedia)
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also known as Gaussian process regression, is a method of interpolation
View the Source Platt scaling (Wikipedia)
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In machine learning, Platt scaling or Platt calibration
View the Source John Platt (computer scientist) (Wikipedia)
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In 1998, Platt invented sequential minimal optimization, a widely used algorithm for speeding up the training of support vector machines
View the Source Minimum description length (Wikipedia)
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has been further developed within the general fields of statistics, theoretical computer science and machine learning
View the Source K-medoids (Wikipedia)
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The k-medoids method is used in unsupervised learning.
View the Source K-means++ (Wikipedia)
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In data mining and machine learning fields, k-means++ is an algorithm
View the Source Deep Learning Super Sampling (Wikipedia)
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real-time deep learning image enhancement and upscaling technologies developed by Nvidia
View the Source Video Multimethod Assessment Fusion (Wikipedia)
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VMAF uses existing image quality metrics, which are fused by a machine-learning model into a single quality score.
View the Source Cross-validation (statistics) (Wikipedia)
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It is often used in settings where the goal is prediction, and one wants to estimate how accurately a predictive model will perform in practice.
View the Source Information bottleneck method (Wikipedia)
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it has been suggested as a theoretical foundation for deep learning
View the Source Naftali Tishby (Wikipedia)
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He worked on the mathematical and statistical theory of learning and biological adaptation.
View the Source Mamba (deep learning architecture) (Wikipedia)
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Mamba is a deep learning architecture focused on sequence modeling.
View the Source Semi-supervised learning (Wikipedia)
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is a paradigm in machine learning
View the Source Adaptive resonance theory (Wikipedia)
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artificial neural network models which use supervised and unsupervised learning methods
View the Source Wikipedia: K-nearest neighbors algorithm
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k-nearest neighbors algorithm (k-NN) is a non-parametric supervised learning method that assigns weightage only to the k (number of) nearest neighbors of an entity in making a decision about the entity.
View the Source Wikipedia: AdaBoost
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AdaBoost (short for Adaptive Boosting) is a statistical classification meta-algorithm formulated by Yoav Freund and Robert Schapire in 1995, who won the 2003 Gödel Prize for their work.
View the Source Wikipedia: Gradient boosting
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Gradient boosting is a machine learning technique based on boosting in a functional space, where the target is pseudo-residuals instead of residuals as in traditional boosting.
View the Source Wikipedia: Perceptron
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perceptron is an algorithm for supervised learning of binary classifiers.
View the Source t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (Wikipedia)
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t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) is a statistical method for visualizing high-dimensional data by giving each datapoint a location in a two or three-dimensional map.
View the Source ID3 Algorithm (Wikipedia)
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ID3 (Iterative Dichotomiser 3) is a greedy algorithm invented by Ross Quinlan used to generate a decision tree from a dataset.
View the Source C4.5 Algorithm (Wikipedia)
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C4.5 is an algorithm used to generate a decision tree developed by Ross Quinlan.
View the Source Sequential Minimal Optimization (Wikipedia)
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Sequential minimal optimization (SMO) is an algorithm for solving the quadratic programming (QP) problem that arises during the training of support-vector machines (SVM).
View the Source Label propagation algorithm (Wikipedia)
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Label propagation is a semi-supervised algorithm in machine learning that assigns labels to previously unlabeled data points.
View the Source OPTICS algorithm (Wikipedia)
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Ordering points to identify the clustering structure (OPTICS) is an algorithm for finding density-based clusters in spatial data.
View the Source Viola-Jones object detection framework (Wikipedia)
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Viola-Jones object detection framework is a machine learning object detection framework proposed in 2001 by Paul Viola and Michael Jones.
View the Source Wikipedia: Complete-linkage clustering
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Complete-linkage clustering is one of several methods of agglomerative hierarchical clustering.
View the Source Wikipedia: UPGMA
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UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean) is a simple agglomerative (bottom-up) hierarchical clustering method.
View the Source Wikipedia: PagedAttention
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PagedAttention is an attention algorithm for efficient serving of large language models (LLMs).
View the Source Wikipedia: WPGMA
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WPGMA (Weighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean) is a simple agglomerative (bottom-up) hierarchical clustering method, generally attributed to Sokal and Michener.
View the Source Wikipedia: Symbolic regression
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Symbolic regression (SR) is a type of regression analysis that searches the space of mathematical expressions to find the model that best fits a given dataset, both in terms of accuracy and simplicity.
View the Source Tin Kam Ho - Wikipedia
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Tin Kam Ho (Chinese: 何天琴) is a computer scientist at IBM Research with contributions to machine learning, data mining, and classification.
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View the SourceMaria-Florina Balcan, Wikipedia
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Maria-Florina (Nina) Balcan is a Romanian-American computer scientist whose research investigates machine learning, algorithmic game theory, theoretical computer science, ==Education== Balcan is originally from Romania, and earned a bachelor's degree in 2000 from the University of Bucharest, earning
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View the SourceCarla Brodley (Wikipedia)
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Carla E. Brodley is a computer scientist specializing in machine learning.
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View the SourceWikipedia: Geoffrey Hinton
Wikimedia FoundationIncludes: Geoffrey Hinton, Lead paragraphView the Source Wikipedia: Ilya Sutskever
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Wikipedia: Yann LeCun
Wikipedia: Yoshua Bengio
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Wikipedia: Michael I. Jordan
Wikimedia FoundationIncludes: Michael I. Jordan, Lead paragraphView the Source Wikipedia: Zoubin Ghahramani
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Arthur Samuel (computer scientist) - Wikipedia
Shai Ben-David, Wikipedia
Avrim Blum, Wikipedia
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Thomas G. Dietterich (Wikipedia)
Jürgen Schmidhuber (Wikipedia)
Trevor Darrell (Wikipedia)
Wikipedia: Expectation Maximization Algorithm
Wikimedia FoundationIncludes: Expectation Maximization Algorithm, Lead paragraphView the Source Wikipedia: Universal portfolio algorithm
Wikipedia: Island algorithm
Wikipedia: Daphne Koller
Wikimedia FoundationIncludes: Daphne Koller, Infobox field and known_for, lead paragraphView the Source Wikipedia: David Blei
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Includes: Ujjwal Maulik, Infobox field and known_for, lead paragraphView the Source David C. Parkes (Wikipedia)
Includes: David C. Parkes, Infobox field and known_for, lead paragraphView the Source Richard S. Sutton (Wikipedia)
Includes: Richard S. Sutton, Infobox field and known_for, lead paragraphView the Source Wikipedia: Nick Frosst
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Computer science, Machine learning
View the Source Kurt Bollacker, Wikipedia
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Kurt Bollacker is an American computer scientist with a research background in the areas of machine learning, digital libraries, semantic networks, and electro-cardiographic modeling.
View the Source Wikipedia: Steve Furber
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Artificial neural network, Neural Networks Network on a chip, Networks on Chip Microprocessors
View the Source Peter L. Bartlett, Wikipedia
Includes: Peter L. Bartlett, Infobox: fieldsQuote, Includes: Peter L. Bartlett, Infobox: fields
Machine learning Statistical learning theory Statistics Computer science
View the Source Sankar Kumar Pal (Wikipedia)
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Fuzzy neural network, Soft computing, Machine intelligence, Pattern recognition
View the Source Bernhard Schölkopf (Wikipedia)
Includes: Bernhard Schölkopf, Infobox: known_forQuote, Includes: Bernhard Schölkopf, Infobox: known_for
Machine Learning Kernel Methods Causal Inference
View the Source Pedro Felipe Felzenszwalb (Wikipedia)
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Computer vision Artificial intelligence Machine learning Discrete mathematics
View the Source Wikipedia: Random Forest Algorithm
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Random forests or random decision forests is an ensemble learning method for classification, regression and other tasks that works by creating a multitude of decision trees during training.
View the Source Wikipedia: Naive Bayes Classifier Algorithm
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In statistics, naive (sometimes simple or idiot's) Bayes classifiers are a family of "probabilistic classifiers" which assume that the features are conditionally independent, given the target class.
View the Source Wikipedia: Q-Learning Algorithm
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Q-learning is a reinforcement learning algorithm that trains an agent to assign values to its possible actions based on its current state, without requiring a model of the environment (model-free).
View the Source Self-organizing map (Wikipedia)
Includes: Self-Organizing Map Algorithm, LeadQuote, Includes: Self-Organizing Map Algorithm, Lead
A self-organizing map (SOM) or self-organizing feature map (SOFM) is an unsupervised machine learning technique used to produce a low-dimensional (typically two-dimensional) representation of a higher-dimensional data set while preserving the topological structure of the data.
View the Source Backpropagation, Wikipedia
Includes: Backpropagation Algorithm, LeadQuote, Includes: Backpropagation Algorithm, Lead
In machine learning, backpropagation is a gradient computation method commonly used for training a neural network in computing parameter updates.
View the Source Wikipedia: Neural style transfer
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Neural style transfer (NST) software algorithms are able to manipulate digital images, or videos, in order to adopt the appearance or visual style of another image. NST algorithms are characterized by their use of deep neural networks for the sake of image transformation.
View the Source Junction tree algorithm (Wikipedia)
Includes: Junction tree algorithm, LeadQuote, Includes: Junction tree algorithm, Lead
The junction tree algorithm (also known as 'Clique Tree') is a method used in machine learning to extract marginalization in general graphs.
View the Source Wikipedia: Anima Anandkumar
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Previously, she was a senior director of Machine Learning research at NVIDIA and a principal scientist at Amazon Web Services.
View the Source Kyunghyun Cho (Wikipedia)
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Cho is a researcher in machine learning, especially deep learning.
View the Source Karl Steinbuch (Wikipedia)
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He was an early and influential researcher in German computer science, and was the developer of the Lernmatrix, an early implementation of artificial neural networks.
View the Source Leonidas J. Guibas (Wikipedia)
Includes: Leonidas J. Guibas, LeadQuote, Includes: Leonidas J. Guibas, Lead
His research spans computational geometry, computer graphics, computer vision, machine learning, and robotics, with contributions including foundational data structures, the earth mover's distance for image retrieval, Metropolis light transport, and the PointNet architecture for deep learning on point clouds.
View the Source Yoonkyung Lee (Wikipedia)
Includes: Yoonkyung Lee, LeadQuote, Includes: Yoonkyung Lee, Lead
Her research takes a statistical approach to kernel methods, dimensionality reduction, and regularization in machine learning.
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