Natural language processing is a field of computer science and artificial intelligence concerned with the computational processing of human language. It spans tasks from speech recognition and text classification to natural language understanding and generation, drawing on computational linguistics, knowledge representation and information retrieval. This description is adapted from Wikipedia contributors under CC BY-SA 4.0; changes were made. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Facts
Core ConcernEnabling computers to process, understand and generate human language, historically tracing to Alan Turing's 1950 paper proposing what became known as the Turing test. 1 Connections
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Source Wikipedia: Natural Language Processing
Source Wikipedia: Natural Language Processing
Source Human-Robot Interaction (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia: Natural Language Processing
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Source Wikipedia: Alberto Ciaramella
Source Aravind Joshi (Wikipedia)
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Source Bernard Vauquois, Wikipedia
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Source Christopher D. Manning (Wikipedia)
Source Claire Cardie - Wikipedia
Source Wikipedia: Dan Jurafsky
Source Wikipedia: Dan Klein
Source Wikipedia: Dragomir R. Radev
Source Eduard Hovy (Wikipedia)
Source James Pustejovsky (Wikipedia)
Source IEEE Computer Society History Committee: Computer Pioneers: Joseph Weizenbaum
Source Wikipedia: Julia Hirschberg
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Source Wikipedia: Makoto Nagao
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Source Wikipedia: Prolog
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Source Wikipedia: Rohini Kesavan Srihari
Source Ronald Kaplan (Wikipedia)
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Source Wikipedia: Text-to-video model
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1. Wikipedia: Natural Language Processing
Wikimedia FoundationIntroduction, before History subsection
Major processing tasks in an NLP system include: speech recognition, text classification, natural language understanding, and natural language generation.
History section
Natural language processing has its roots in the 1950s.
History
Already in 1950, Alan Turing published an article titled "Computing Machinery and Intelligence," which proposed what is now called the Turing test as a criterion of intelligence, though at the time that was not articulated as a problem separate from artificial intelligence.
Lead section
Natural language processing (NLP) is the processing of natural language information by a computer.
- Associated With: Alan Turing, History section, Turing's 1950 paper
View the Source Wikipedia: Prolog
Wikimedia FoundationIncludes: Prolog, Lead sectionQuote, Includes: Prolog, Lead section
The language has been used for theorem proving, expert systems, term rewriting, type systems, automated planning, and question answering as well as its original intended field of use, natural language processing.
View the Source Human-Robot Interaction (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationAssociated With: Human-Robot Interaction, Lead section, first two sentencesQuote, Associated With: Human-Robot Interaction, Lead section, first two sentences
Human-robot interaction (HRI) is the study of interactions between humans and robots. Human-robot interaction is a multidisciplinary field with contributions from human-computer interaction, artificial intelligence, robotics, natural language processing, design, psychology and philosophy.
View the Source IEEE Computer Society History Committee: Computer Pioneers: Joseph Weizenbaum
IEEE Computer Society History CommitteeIncludes: Joseph Weizenbaum, Biography headerQuote, Includes: Joseph Weizenbaum, Biography header
inventor in 1965 of ELIZA, the mechanical psychiatrist
View the Source Ray Kurzweil (Wikipedia)
Includes: Ray Kurzweil, LeadQuote, Includes: Ray Kurzweil, Lead
He is involved in fields such as optical character recognition (OCR), text-to-speech synthesis, speech recognition technology and electronic keyboard instruments.
View the Source Word2Vec (Wikipedia)
Includes: Word2Vec, Lead sentenceQuote, Includes: Word2Vec, Lead sentence
Word2Vec is a technique for obtaining vector representations of words as word embeddings.
View the Source Wikipedia: Text-to-video model
Includes: Text-to-Video Model, Lead sentenceQuote, Includes: Text-to-Video Model, Lead sentence
text-to-video model is a form of generative AI that uses a natural language description as input to produce a video relevant to the input text.
View the Source Claire Cardie - Wikipedia
Includes: Claire Cardie, Lead sentence
Claire Cardie is an American computer scientist specializing in natural language processing.
- Includes: Claire Cardie, Lead paragraph
View the SourceKathleen McKeown (Wikipedia)
Includes: Kathleen McKeown, Lead sentence
Kathleen R. McKeown is an American computer scientist, specializing in natural language processing.
- Includes: Kathleen McKeown, Lead paragraph
View the SourceWikipedia: Dan Jurafsky
Wikipedia: Roberto Pieraccini Encyclopedia Article
Wikimedia FoundationIncludes: Roberto Pieraccini, Lead paragraphView the Source Wikipedia: Makoto Nagao
Wikipedia: Dan Klein
Wikipedia: Alberto Ciaramella
Wikipedia: Julia Hirschberg
Bernard Vauquois, Wikipedia
Wikipedia: Dragomir R. Radev
Mirella Lapata (Wikipedia)
Ralph Grishman (Wikipedia)
Philipp Koehn (Wikipedia)
Martha Palmer (Wikipedia)
Cheng Xiang Zhai (Wikipedia)
Includes: Cheng Xiang Zhai, Infobox field and known_for, lead paragraphView the Source Wikipedia: Rohini Kesavan Srihari
Includes: Rohini Kesavan Srihari, Infobox field and known_for, lead paragraphView the Source Aravind Joshi (Wikipedia)
Includes: Aravind Joshi, Infobox field and known_for, lead paragraphView the Source Witten-Bell discounting (Wikipedia)
Includes: Witten-Bell discounting, LeadQuote, Includes: Witten-Bell discounting, Lead
In natural language processing, Witten-Bell discounting is a method that can address the sparse data and zero-frequency issues in N-gram algorithms.
View the Source Eduard Hovy (Wikipedia)
Includes: Eduard Hovy, LeadQuote, Includes: Eduard Hovy, Lead
He is one of the original 17 Fellows of the Association for Computational Linguistics.
View the Source Martin Kay (Wikipedia)
Includes: Martin Kay, LeadQuote, Includes: Martin Kay, Lead
Martin Kay (1935-7 August 2021) was a British computer scientist, known especially for his work in computational linguistics.
View the Source Barbara J. Grosz (Wikipedia)
Includes: Barbara J. Grosz, LeadQuote, Includes: Barbara J. Grosz, Lead
She has made seminal contributions to the fields of natural language processing and multi-agent systems.
View the Source Sophia Ananiadou (Wikipedia)
Includes: Sophia Ananiadou, LeadQuote, Includes: Sophia Ananiadou, Lead
Her research focusses on biomedical text mining and natural language processing and has fed into the development of numerous applications that, for example, facilitate the discovery of new knowledge, enable exploration of historical archives, allow semantic search of biomedical literature, reduce human effort in screening search hits for production of systematic reviews, enable enrichment of metabolic pathway models with evidence from the literature, allow discovery of risk in the construction industry from health and safety incident reports and enable interoperability of components in text mining workflows.
View the Source Ronald Kaplan (Wikipedia)
Includes: Ronald M. Kaplan, LeadQuote, Includes: Ronald M. Kaplan, Lead
He was previously vice president and distinguished scientist at Nuance Communications and director of Nuance' Natural Language and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory.
View the Source James Pustejovsky (Wikipedia)
Includes: James Pustejovsky, LeadQuote, Includes: James Pustejovsky, Lead
His expertise includes theoretical and computational modeling of language, specifically: Computational linguistics, Lexical semantics, Knowledge representation, temporal and spatial reasoning and Extraction.
View the Source Christopher D. Manning (Wikipedia)
Includes: Christopher D. Manning, LeadQuote, Includes: Christopher D. Manning, Lead
Christopher David Manning is an Australian-American computer scientist and applied linguist specialising in the areas of natural language processing, artificial intelligence, and machine learning.
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