The field of computer science that represents and processes information using quantum-mechanical states, harnessing superposition and entanglement so that certain problems can, in principle, be solved exponentially faster than on a classical computer. The field traces its origins to proposals in the early 1980s, including Paul Benioff's quantum Turing machine and Richard Feynman's suggestion that a computer built from quantum-mechanical elements could efficiently simulate quantum systems; as of the mid-2020s working quantum computers remain small-scale and experimental rather than a replacement for classical computing. This description is adapted from Wikipedia contributors under CC BY-SA 4.0; changes were made. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Facts
Disputed
Origin YearPaul Benioff proposed a quantum-mechanical model of a Turing machine in 1980; Richard Feynman's widely-cited 1982 keynote on simulating physics with computers is also commonly credited as the field's founding provocation, so the field's origin is dated to the early 1980s rather than a single year. Core ConcernUsing qubits and quantum phenomena such as superposition, entanglement and interference to process information in ways that can outperform classical bits on specific, structured problems. 1 Quantum Computing
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Source Wikipedia: Quantum computing
Source Wikipedia: Quantum computing
Source Wikipedia: Mario Szegedy
Quantum information science's own article ties the manufacturing of quantum computers to the same body of quantum-physics understanding the field studies.
Source Quantum Information Science (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia: Quantum computing
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Source Wikipedia: David Deutsch
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1. Wikipedia: Quantum computing
Wikimedia FoundationLead section
A quantum computer is a computer that represents and processes information using quantum states.
History section
In 1980, Paul Benioff introduced the quantum Turing machine, which used quantum theory to describe a simplified computer.
Associated With: Theory of Computation, Algorithms section
Quantum algorithms can be roughly categorized by the type of speedup achieved over corresponding classical algorithms.
View the Source Wikipedia: David Deutsch
Wikimedia FoundationIncludes: David Deutsch, Career and research section (2008 Royal Society Fellow nomination)Quote, Includes: David Deutsch, Career and research section (2008 Royal Society Fellow nomination)
[having] laid the foundations of the quantum theory of computation, and has subsequently made or participated in many of the most important advances in the field, including the discovery of the first quantum algorithms, the theory of quantum logic gates and quantum computational networks, the first quantum error-correction scheme, and several fundamental quantum universality results.
Quantum Information Science (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationAssociated With: Quantum Information Science, Scientific and engineering studies sectionQuote, Associated With: Quantum Information Science, Scientific and engineering studies section
Quantum teleportation, entanglement and the manufacturing of quantum computers depend on a comprehensive understanding of quantum physics and engineering.
Wikipedia: Mario Szegedy
Wikimedia FoundationAssociated With: Mario Szegedy, Biography sectionQuote, Associated With: Mario Szegedy, Biography section
Szegedy's research areas include computational complexity theory, quantum computing, computational geometry, and computational theory.
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