Human computer interaction is the field concerned with how people operate and engage with computer systems, and with designing interactive systems that fit human abilities. The term was popularized by Stuart Card, Allen Newell and Thomas P. Moran in their 1983 book The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction, which brought cognitive psychology methods to the study of interfaces. This description is adapted from Wikipedia contributors under CC BY-SA 4.0; changes were made. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Facts
Origin YearThe year of the Card, Newell and Moran book that popularized the term; work on interactive computing is older. Core ConcernHow interactive computing systems are designed, evaluated and understood in terms of the people who use them. 1 Human Computer Interaction
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Affective computing grew out of Picard's own human-computer interaction research.
Source Affective Computing (Wikipedia)
Alan Kay, Pioneers Alan Kay led the Learning Research Group at Xerox PARC that developed the overlapping-window, icon and mouse-driven graphical interface on the Xerox Alto, foundational to the field of human-computer interaction.
Source Wikipedia: Alan Kay
Source Wikipedia: Augmented reality
Brain-computer interfaces are a form of human-machine interface, bypassing ordinary physical input.
Source Brain-Computer Interface (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia: Human-computer interaction
Source Wikipedia: Computer music
The article itself groups CSCW with HCI as sibling lenses used to study the same collaborative-computing phenomena.
Source Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (Wikipedia)
Data and information visualization is described as emerging in part from human-computer interaction research.
Source Data and Information Visualization (Wikipedia)
Human-robot interaction is a multidisciplinary field drawing explicitly on human-computer interaction.
Source Human-Robot Interaction (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia: Ivan Sutherland
Mobile computing is defined in its own lead as a form of human-computer interaction.
Source Mobile Computing (Wikipedia)
Social computing's own theoretical-foundations section frames it around the interaction between humans and computers.
Source Social Computing (Wikipedia)
Includes
Source Stuart Card - Wikipedia
Source Susan M. Dray (Wikipedia)
Source Susanne Bødker (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia: T. V. Raman
Source Wikipedia: Terry Winograd
Source Wikipedia, Vicki L. Hanson
Source Vladimir Pokhilko (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia: Xerox Alto
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1. Wikipedia: Human-computer interaction
WikipediaDefinition section
a discipline that is concerned with the design, evaluation, and implementation of interactive computing systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them.
Opening section
Human-computer interaction (HCI) is the process through which people operate and engage with computer systems.
Associated With: Computer Graphics, Overview section
On the machine side, techniques in computer graphics, operating systems, programming languages, and development environments are relevant.
View the Source Wikipedia: Xerox Alto
Wikipedia: Alan Kay
Wikipedia: Ivan Sutherland
Wikimedia FoundationAssociated With: Ivan Sutherland, IntroductionQuote, Associated With: Ivan Sutherland, Introduction
Sketchpad, an early predecessor to the sort of graphical user interface that has become ubiquitous in personal computers
View the Source Wikipedia: Augmented reality
Wikimedia FoundationAssociated With: Augmented Reality, Lead section, para 1Quote, Associated With: Augmented Reality, Lead section, para 1
Augmented reality (AR), also known as mixed reality (MR), is a form of 3D human-computer interaction that overlays real-time 3D-rendered computer graphics into the real world through a display.
View the Source Wikipedia: Computer music
Wikimedia FoundationAssociated With: Computer Music, See also sectionView the Source Affective Computing (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationAssociated With: Affective Computing, Cognitivist vs. interactional approachesQuote, Associated With: Affective Computing, Cognitivist vs. interactional approaches
Picard's focus is human-computer interaction, and her goal for affective computing is to "give computers the ability to recognize, express, and in some cases, 'have' emotions".
View the Source Brain-Computer Interface (Wikipedia)
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They are often conceptualized as a human-machine interface that skips the intermediary of moving body parts (e.g. hands or feet).
View the Source Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationAssociated With: Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, Applications in gaming sectionQuote, Associated With: Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, Applications in gaming section
HCI, CSCW, and game studies in MMORPGs highlight the importance of avatar-mediated self-presentation in player experience.
View the Source Data and Information Visualization (Wikipedia)
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The field of data and information visualization has emerged "from research in human-computer interaction, computer science, graphics, visual design, psychology, photography and business methods."
View the Source Human-Robot Interaction (Wikipedia)
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Human-robot interaction is a multidisciplinary field with contributions from human-computer interaction, artificial intelligence, robotics, natural language processing, design, psychology and philosophy.
View the Source Mobile Computing (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationAssociated With: Mobile Computing, Lead sectionQuote, Associated With: Mobile Computing, Lead section
Mobile computing is human-computer interaction in which a computer is expected to be transported during normal usage and allow for transmission of data, which can include voice and video transmissions.
View the Source Social Computing (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationAssociated With: Social Computing, Theoretical foundations sectionQuote, Associated With: Social Computing, Theoretical foundations section
These systems result in new behaviors that occur as a result of the complex interaction between humans and computers and can be explained by several different areas of science.
View the Source John Gruber (Wikipedia)
Includes: John Gruber, Lead sectionQuote, Includes: John Gruber, Lead section
technology blogger, UI designer, and co-creator of the Markdown markup language
View the Source Niklas Elmqvist (Wikipedia)
Includes: Niklas Elmqvist, LeadQuote, Includes: Niklas Elmqvist, Lead
Elmqvist served as director of the University of Maryland Human-Computer Interaction Lab from 2016 to 2021.
View the Source Wikipedia: Human-computer interaction
Wikimedia FoundationIn Group: Interaction Design and Interfaces, lead sectionView the Source Cynthia Solomon (Wikipedia)
Includes: Cynthia Solomon, Article text [in-field]Quote, Includes: Cynthia Solomon, Article text [in-field]
Her work has mainly focused on research on human-computer interaction and children as designers.
View the Source QML (PLDB)
Includes: QML, Page description paragraphQuote, Includes: QML, Page description paragraph
QML (Qt Modeling Language) is a user interface markup language.
View the Source Wikipedia: Jef Raskin
Includes: Jef Raskin, Lead [in-group]Quote, Includes: Jef Raskin, Lead [in-group]
who conceived and began leading the Macintosh project at Apple in the late 1970s
View the Source Charles Simonyi (Wikipedia)
Includes: Charles Simonyi, Lead section [in-field]Quote, Includes: Charles Simonyi, Lead section [in-field]
he helped pioneer graphical user interfaces and introduced object-oriented programming and Hungarian notation to Microsoft
View the Source Nicholas Negroponte (Wikipedia)
Includes: Nicholas Negroponte, Career, MITQuote, Includes: Nicholas Negroponte, Career, MIT
a combination lab and think tank which studied new approaches to human-computer interaction
View the Source Marissa Mayer (Wikipedia)
Includes: Marissa Mayer, Lead paragraph [in-group]Quote, Includes: Marissa Mayer, Lead paragraph [in-group]
long-time executive, usability leader and key spokesperson for Google
View the Source Pattie Maes (Wikipedia)
Includes: Pattie Maes, Education and careerQuote, Includes: Pattie Maes, Education and career
Currently, Maes leads the Fluid Interfaces group at the Lab, which focuses on technological cognitive augmentation.
View the Source Kai Krause (Wikipedia)
Includes: Kai Krause, Lead sentence [in-field]Quote, Includes: Kai Krause, Lead sentence [in-field]
a German software and graphical user interface designer, best known for founding MetaCreations Corp.
View the Source Alan C. Ashton (Wikipedia)
Includes: Alan C. Ashton, Career, word processor specificationQuote, Includes: Alan C. Ashton, Career, word processor specification
His specifications outlined various innovations at the time, including continuous documents, function key shortcuts, modeless editing, and primitive WYSIWYG formatting.
View the Source Bob Wallace (computer scientist) (Wikipedia)
Includes: Bob Wallace (computer scientist), Lead, word processingQuote, Includes: Bob Wallace (computer scientist), Lead, word processing
creator of the word processing program PC-Write
View the Source Ellen Spertus (Wikipedia)
Includes: Ellen Spertus, Career, block based platformQuote, Includes: Ellen Spertus, Career, block based platform
a block based development platform with a graphical user interface (GUI) that lets developers and amateurs create applications for Android
View the Source Stephen Brewster (Wikipedia)
Includes: Stephen Brewster, Lead, research interestQuote, Includes: Stephen Brewster, Lead, research interest
His main research interest is multimodal human-computer interaction, sound and haptics and gestures.
View the Source Caryn Navy (Wikipedia)
Includes: Caryn Navy, Lead, Braille technologyQuote, Includes: Caryn Navy, Lead, Braille technology
she is chiefly known for her work in set-theoretic topology and Braille technology
View the Source Enid Mumford (Wikipedia)
Includes: Enid Mumford, Work, participative designQuote, Includes: Enid Mumford, Work, participative design
She believed it was important to take into account users' social and technical needs when creating an IS
View the Source Marilyn Tremaine (Wikipedia)
Includes: Marilyn Tremaine, Lead, pioneer of the fieldQuote, Includes: Marilyn Tremaine, Lead, pioneer of the field
considered a pioneer of the field
View the Source XUL (Wikipedia)
Includes: XUL, Lead, interface languageQuote, Includes: XUL, Lead, interface language
XUL is an XML dialect for writing graphical user interfaces
View the Source Extensible Application Markup Language (Wikipedia)
Includes: Extensible Application Markup Language, Lead, user interface useQuote, Includes: Extensible Application Markup Language, Lead, user interface use
In WPF and UWP, XAML is a user interface markup language to define UI elements, data binding, and events.
View the Source Sheelagh Carpendale - Wikipedia
Includes: Sheelagh Carpendale, Lead sentence
Sheelagh Carpendale is a Canadian artist and computer scientist working in the field of information visualization and human-computer interaction.
- Includes: Sheelagh Carpendale, Lead paragraph
View the SourceCatherine Pelachaud (Wikipedia)
Includes: Catherine Pelachaud, Lead sentence
Catherine Pelachaud is a French computer scientist specializing in human-computer interaction and known for her work virtual assistants and on recognizing and generating facial expressions.
- Includes: Catherine Pelachaud, Lead paragraph
View the SourceBongshin Lee (Wikipedia)
Includes: Bongshin Lee, Lead section
Bongshin Lee (Korean: 이봉신) is a computer scientist whose research concerns information visualization, human-computer interaction, the quantified self, and the automated conversion of sketches into data visualizations.
- Includes: Bongshin Lee, Lead paragraph
View the SourceWikipedia: Douglas Engelbart
Wikimedia FoundationIncludes: Douglas Engelbart, Lead paragraphView the Source Wikipedia: Randy Pausch
Wikipedia: Larry Tesler
Wikipedia: Terry Winograd
Wikimedia FoundationIncludes: Terry Winograd, Lead paragraphView the Source Wikipedia: T. V. Raman
Wikipedia: David Canfield Smith
Wikipedia: Bonnie Nardi
Wikipedia: Margaret Burnett
Wikipedia: Alan Dix
Wikipedia, Vicki L. Hanson
Ronald Baecker, Wikipedia
Michel Beaudouin-Lafon, Wikipedia
Lorraine Borman, Wikipedia
Wikipedia: Alan H. Borning
Wikimedia FoundationIncludes: Alan H. Borning, Lead paragraphView the Source Wikipedia: Bill Buxton
Stuart Card - Wikipedia
Elizabeth F. Churchill - Wikipedia
Wikipedia: Cristina Conati
Mary Czerwinski - Wikipedia
Sarita Schoenebeck (Wikipedia)
Steve Whittaker (Wikipedia)
Susan M. Dray (Wikipedia)
Wikipedia: Allison Druin
Wikipedia: Anita Borg
Wikimedia FoundationIncludes: Anita Borg, Infobox field and known_for, lead paragraphView the Source Wikipedia: Ben Shneiderman
Wikimedia FoundationIncludes: Ben Shneiderman, Infobox field and known_for, lead paragraphView the Source Wikipedia: Jaime Teevan
Includes: Jaime Teevan, Infobox field and known_for, lead paragraphView the Source Wikipedia: Don Norman
Includes: Don Norman, Infobox field and known_for, lead paragraphView the Source Wikipedia: Juan E. Gilbert
Includes: Juan E. Gilbert, Infobox field and known_for, lead paragraphView the Source Justine Cassell - Wikipedia
Includes: Justine Cassell, Infobox field and known_for, lead paragraphView the Source Ed Huai-Hsin Chi - Wikipedia
Includes: Ed Huai-Hsin Chi, Infobox field and known_for, lead paragraphView the Source Joseph A. Konstan (Wikipedia)
Includes: Joseph A. Konstan, Infobox field and known_for, lead paragraphView the Source Wikipedia: Alan Cooper
Wikimedia FoundationIncludes: Alan Cooper, Infobox field and known_for, lead paragraphView the Source Wikipedia: Mihai Nadin
Includes: Mihai Nadin, LeadQuote, Includes: Mihai Nadin, Lead
Mihai Nadin (born February 2, 1938, in Brașov, Romania) is a scholar and researcher in electrical engineering, computer science, aesthetics, semiotics, human-computer interaction (HCI), computational design, post-industrial society, and anticipatory systems.
View the Source Lisa Anthony (Wikipedia)
Includes: Lisa Anthony, LeadQuote, Includes: Lisa Anthony, Lead
Her research interests revolve around developing natural user interfaces to allow for greater human-computer interaction, specifically for children as they develop their cognitive and physical abilities.
View the Source Susanne Bødker (Wikipedia)
Includes: Susanne Bodker, LeadQuote, Includes: Susanne Bodker, Lead
Susanne Bødker (born 1956) is a Danish computer scientist known for her contributions to human-computer interaction, computer-supported cooperative work, and participatory design, including the introduction of activity theory to human-computer interaction.
View the Source Vladimir Pokhilko (Wikipedia)
Includes: Vladimir Pokhilko, LeadQuote, Includes: Vladimir Pokhilko, Lead
He was an academic who specialized in human-computer interaction.
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